Definition

Damage to the nerves (myelopathy) of the spinal cord caused by infection with the human T lymphotrophic virus type-1 is termed HTLV-1 associated myelopathy.

Description

HTLV-1 associated myelopathy is evident mainly as a chronic weakening of muscles, especially those in the legs. Weakening can be so severe as to produce partial paralysis. The myelin covering of spinal cord nerve cells can become damaged, as can the elongated part of the cell termed the axon.

HTLV-1 associated myelopathy is also known as tropical spastic paraparesis and additionally as HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis.

Demographics

Myelopathy occurs in approximately 0.25% of those infected with HTLV-1, typically in adults aged 40–60. The viral infection is associated with diseases...